1. Conditions. Submission of a paper will be held to imply that (a) the material in the manuscript has not been published, is not being published or considered for publication elsewhere, and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere unless rejected by the journal editor or withdrawn by the author(s); (b) the material in the manuscript, so far as the author(s) knows, does not infringe upon other published material covered by copyright; (c) the author’s (s’) employer, if any, either does not assert an ownership interest in the manuscript or is willing to convey such interest to the American Agricultural Economics Association (AAEA); and (d) submission of the manuscript gives the AAEA exclusive right to publish, to copyright, and to allow or deny reproduction of it, in whole or in part. If the applicability of point (a) is unclear, the author(s) must provide an explanation in the cover letter.
   
   
2. What and where to submit. For the initial submission, send four fully legible copies to:
   AJAE Editors
   103 Agricultural Administration
   Ohio State University
   2120 Fyffe Road
   Columbus, OH 43210-1067.
   Subsequent editorial correspondence should be with the editor in charge of the manuscript. Model documentation and other supporting materials may be submitted with the manuscript to facilitate the review process. The AJAE does not ordinarily consider for publication manuscripts exceeding thirty double-spaced pages (everything included).
   
   
3. Authors’ identification. To protect their anonymity in the review process, authors should identify themselves only in the front page of the manuscript. The front page of the manuscript should include: (a) title; (b) author(s) names; (c) name, address, phone and fax numbers, and email address of the author serving as the contact person; (d) date of submission of the manuscript.
   
   
4. Text preparation. Double-space all material, including footnotes, tables, and references, on 8-1/2-by-11-inch standard weight white paper with 1-1/4 inch margins. Use 12-point Times or a similar type style and size. The title of the manuscript should appear in the first page of the text, followed directly by the introductory section. Provide short headings for each section and subsection. Do not number sections and subsections.
   
   
5. Style. Follow A Manual of Style by University of Chicago Press and previous issues of the AJAE.
   
   
6. Data and documentation. Authors are expected to document their data sources, models, and estimation procedures as thoroughly as possible, and to make the data used available to others for replication purposes. If an exception to this rule is desired, reasons should be given and this should be explicitly noted in the cover letter.
   
   
7. Mathematical notation. Use only essential mathematical notation. Avoid using the same character for both superscripts and subscripts or using capital letters for such, and whenever possible avoid overbars, tildes, carets, and other modifications of standard type. Asterisks, primes, and small English letter superscripts are suitable.
   
   
8. Footnotes. Number footnotes consecutively throughout the paper, not page by page. Type all footnotes, double-spaced, on a separate page following the article. Footnotes should be only explanatory and not for citations or for directing the reader to a particular work. Such information can be incorporated into the text.
   
   
9. References and citations. Place “References,” alphabetized by author, in a list at the end of the paper. Only cited works may be included in the reference list. AJAE article information should include month as well as year of publication when available; e.g., Amer. J. Agr. Econ. 73(May 1991):345-60. All citations should appear in the text and contain the author’s name and page numbers when necessary. Citations can be inserted parenthetically; e.g. (Doe, p. 5). Specify the date of publication if the same author appears more than once in the reference list; e.g. (Doe 1971, p. 5). If the author’s name appears as part of a sentence, a parenthetical reference is unnecessary unless page numbers or a date are needed. Use “et al.” only with four or more authors. Do not use “et al.” in the reference section. A reference/citation style sheet is available upon request.
   
   
10. Tables and Figures. Place each table and each figure on a separate page at the end of the manuscript; double-space all material; omit vertical rules in tables. Each table and each figure must have a title.
    
    
11. Page charge. Major support for this journal comes from page charges of $85 per printed page or a fraction thereof, payable by the supporting institution or granting agency. Payment does not affect acceptance, scheduling, or form of publication. Instructions for payment are sent with galley proofs.

Submission of the final version of accepted should follow standard AJAE submission guidelines. In addition, author(s) must prepare an Abstract page (see below), must enclose a diskette with the electronic version of the final manuscript (see below), and should returned a completed and signed Transfer of Copyright Form (all authors must sign).

Abstract page. The following items, in the given order, should be included in an Abstract Page, to be placed after the front page and before the first page of text. (a) Title. (b) Author(s) names. (c) Key words list. No more than eight key words in alphabetical order. Consider standard terms used to describe your methodology, theoretical tools, or empirical results. (d) Abstract . The abstract should not exceed 100 words. It should give a clear idea of the main conclusions, the methods employed, and some indication of the line of reasoning. Abstracts must not contain equations, diagrams, or footnotes, but may include numbers. (e) Text that will appear as the leading unnumbered footnote, giving titles and institutional affiliation of each author, acknowledgments, and other relevant information pertaining to the accepted manuscript.

1. Medium. Submit on a 3 ˝ inch diskette. On the diskette label, please write (a) name of first author; (b) manuscript number; (c) type and version of word-processing software used.

2. Word processing. Any popular word processing software can be used.

3. Formatting. Do use character formatting-i.e., formatting you can do on single characters or words (bold for vectors and matrices, italic for variables, superscript, subscript), but do not use your processor’s other special features (auto footnote placement, table editors, etc.) Tables are most translatable when created manually with tabs, rather than formatted with a table editor using cells. Put footnotes and tables at the end of the file.

4. Math typesetting. Use standard type to the maximum extent possible (for example, use Symbol font for Greek characters in simple notation). Refrain from use of embellished letters (dots, bars, tildes, carets). Run equations into text if at all possible (rather than displaying). Simplify notation to avoid costly typesetting.

5. Tables. Tables are most translatable when created manually with tabs, rather than formatted with a table editor. (vi) Figures. Figures must be presented in hard copy form at a high resolution (1200 dpi or higher). Figures will be scanned for electronic placement in the layout. (Do not embed figure graphics in the electronic text copy. This often causes file or disk corruption.)